One, it reminds us of the great sacrifices made in the struggle for freedom, which is today under growing threat from the forces of globalization. Indias first war of independence1857 ias our dream. These are some notespoints to help you go over the first war of independence, 1857 as asked in the icse class 10 history board exam. Sep 11, 2007 karl marx was the first scholar to unequivocally call the antibritish indian movement of 185759 the first indian war of independence. Mazumdar holds the view that the revolt of 1857 was neither the first many rebellions and uprsings took place before. War of independence by 1845, the british empire had. This collection will take you to a journey through indias past and will help you in understanding the great rebellion of 1857, which vd savarkar termed as the indias first war of independence.
War of independence 1857 and the role of urdu and persian newspapers 27 towards the revolt was also reflected in the reporting of the war in english, persian and urdu newspapers of that time. Indias first war of independence, better known as the indian rebellion of 1857, began on this day, may 10 in the year 1857. The first war of independence in 1857 is largely believed to be the triggering point for the rise of nationalism in india. First indian independence war may 10, 1857 this day in. The first indian war of independence 18571859 by karl marx. He was born in bijnor in rohilkhand and later became a subedar in the army of the east india company, gaining forty years of experience in the bengal horse artillery and seeing action in the first angloafghan war. Jan 12, 2014 the message of 1857 revolt, or what is popularly known as our first war of independence, is of great importance even today in its two aspects.
Jul 03, 2012 1857 the first war of independence of india. Icse class 10 history notes on the first war of independence 1857 revolt of 1857 download the pdf notes for quick and easy revision. It has some other names too, like sepoy mutiny, indian mutiny, great rebellion, revolt of 1857, indian insurrection, etc. It was sir syed ahmed khan who used the word, ghadar, deceitfulness, betrayal or treachery first to describe what was to many the first war of independence of india 1857, says dr abu. The rise of nationalism brought along with it the scent of freedom which soon converted itself in to a storm where as history is evident resulted in the defeat of the mighty imperialist british rule.
You may print these notes through the pdf file and refer to them for your personal use as. War of independence by 1845, the british empire had expanded from bengal to sindh, and all that remained free was punjab. The revolt of 1857 was a combination of political, economic, socioreligious and military causes. The classification of the rebellion being first war of independence is not without its critics in india.
First war of independence, 1857 flashcards quizlet. The main causes of the war were political, social, economical, military and religious. India ad 1857, amaresh misra, a writer and historian based in mumbai, argues that there was an untold holocaust which caused the deaths of almost 10 million people. The indians at the revolt indias first war of independence, termed sepoy riots by the british was an attempt to unite india against the invading british and to restore power to the mogul emperor bahadur shah. It was started by the sepoy of the company which arouses the gathered grievances of the people against the company administration and of their dislike for the foreign administration. The work, the first indian war of independence 18571859 moscow, 1959, 4th rept. Revolt of 1857complete history reasons, effects and aftermath. The first martyr of the revolt was mangal pandey and the war was the result of accumulation of many factors over time.
Indian war of independence 1857 part ii the eruption chapter i shahid mangal panday of all the surprising incidents connected with the revolution of 1857, the most striking was the secrecy with which the vast movement was organised. First war of independence, 1857 immediate cause soldiers made to bite off ends of greased cartridges in enfield rifles having fat of cows and pigs barrackpore mangal pande refused to use catridges and attacked adjutant of his regiment, for fear of moss of his caste and religion. The rebellion is also known as indias first war of independence, the great rebellion, the indian mutiny, the revolt of 1857, the uprising of 1857, the sepoy rebellion, and the sepoy mutiny. Beginning of first war of independence 1857 people whispered of the old prophecy, which stated that 100 years after the battle of plassey, the rule of john company would end. Jawaharlal nehru, the first prime minister of india, insisted on using the term first war of independence to refer to the event, and the terminology was adopted by the government of india. What were different causes of war of independence 1857. By the first half of the 19th century, the east india company had brought major portions of india under its control. The martyrs of 1857 are really fortunate that they got such a historian to tell their history who himself was both a historian and a creator of history. The 1857 rebellion was a major uprising and protest against british in 18571858 in british india. The main causes were political, economic, social, religious and military. This struggle was intended to protect the interests of a few rather than getting freedom for the country. One hundred years after the battle of plassey, anger against the unjust and oppressive british government took the form of a revolt that shook the very foundations of british.
The indian rebellion of 1857 is considered as the very first war and revolutionary upheaval of the indian independence history. An analysis during the decline of the mughal empire in the eighteenth century, the punjab, like many other regions, had only a nominal affiliation with the centre. It is also given names as indian rebellion, indian mutiny as well as indian revolt. War of independence 1857 called the first war of independence and revolt of 1857. It was the first time in the history of subcontinent that.
Icse solutions for class 10 history and civics first war. Heres a link to the pdf file for the abovementioned notes. The revolt of 1857 also regarded as indias ist war of independence was a significant event in indian history. Political as british extended their control they introduced many ways of grabbing land like the use of doctrine of lapse was introduced. Larger proportion of indians in the british army 7. Aug 15, 2010 1857 kranti the first war of independence, 1857 war against the british empire. Memories of the revolt had lain deep in the awareness of both. War of independence 1857 also called sepoy mutiny, indian rebellion, as well as is an important milestone in the history and it is composed start of war of independence 1857 short note. Jan 09, 2014 the mutiny as it was called by the british was, in fact, the first war of independence against the british government in 1857. The east india company was aiming to annex all the states of india like avadh, tanjore, jhansi, satara, etc. The rebellion is also known as indias first war of independence, the great rebellion, the indian mutiny, the revolt of 1857, the uprising of 1857, the sepoy rebellion and the sepoy mutiny. Hearenshaw, the 19th chapter of the book is named as.
It would be highly strange for marx to have called events of 1857 in india as first indian war of independence because there wasnt a second war to classify it as such. More about him vinayak damodar savarkar wikipedia some historians have rejected this notion. There were many causes that led to the first war of independence in 1857. The war of independence of 1857 failed to achieve its immediate political objectives. It was a desperate effort to save india under traditional leadership that failed. Reasons of the 1857 revolt the first war of indian. The mutiny of 1857 proved to be a land mark in the history of india. Ushba publishing international, karachi the small community of scholars and students of history in pakistan was not a little unhappy that the 150th anniversary 2007 of the subcontinents war of independence in 1857 did not receive due attention in this country. The first war of independence of the subcontinent edited by p. What are the main causes of the first war of indian. The first war of indian independence was an unsuccessful attempt by indian soldiers sepoys to fight against british rule through the east india company.
Jun 10, 2018 the first battle of independence revolt of 1857. In this edition of this day in history, you can read about the beginning of the first war of indian independence or the revolt of 1857, as many call it. By the main portion of the nineteenth century, the east india company had brought real bits of india under its control. Apr 04, 2019 icse solutions for class 10 history and civics first war of independence. As the sepoys refused to use fatplated cartridges, unrest emerged and uprisings started in meerut, delhi, kanpur, lucknow, jhansi and many other places. Parduman singh assistant professor of history govt. Great rebellion as the first indian national war of independence. It was only after the outbreak of the first war of indian independence that the hatred and the feeling of revenge for the british among the indian troops in china erupted like a volcano. Pdf the war of 1857 was a great event that influenced the future course of history of sub continent.
He was the commander in chief of indian mutiny 1857. Instead of being an organized struggle, it erupted due to certain unexpected reasons. Revolutionary war of 1857, did, of a set design, name it the history of the indian war of independence of 1857. During the governorgeneral lord canning may 11, 1857. The indian war of independence of 1857 by savarkar, vinayak damodar, publication date 1909 topics. If there had been no electric telegraph in the fifties. The indian war of independence is an indian nationalist history of the 1857 revolt by vinayak damodar savarkar that was first published in 1909. Bakht khan was a pashtun related to the family of rohilla chief najibuldaula, from a branch of the yusufzai tribe. The indian rebellion of 1857 began as a mutiny of sepoy of the british east india companys army on 10 may 1857, in the town of meerut, and soon erupted into other mutinies and civilian rebellions. The indian rebellion of 1857 is also known as indias first war of independence, the great rebellion, the indian mutiny, the revolt of 1857, the uprising of 1857, the sepoy rebellion and the sepoy mutiny. It was fought in 1857 by people of indopak subcontinent against the british in order to get rid of their domination. Most scholars have used mutiny and insurrection interchangeably.
Icse solutions for class 10 history and civics first war of. Causes, nature, importance and outcomes the revolt of 1857 also regarded as indias first war of independece was an extremely important event in. Works of marx and engels 185758 marxists internet archive. Causes of war of independence it is now an admitted fact that th mass uprising of the people of indopakistan against the british rule in 1857 was not a. War of independence 1857 called the first war of independence. War of independence 1857 and role of urdu and persian. It began on may 10, 1857 when indian sepoys from the east indian companys army created a mutiny in meerut that soon spread throughout the central and northern india cities. Among the many lessons the indian mutiny conveys to the historian, none is of greater importance than the warning that it.
The revolt of 1857 is known byindian historians as war of independence as it was an attempt for the indians to throw off the shackles of foreign domination. Struggle of indian independence united bengal bay of bengal. The first indian war of independence 18571859 zougam. The mutiny as it was called by the british was, in fact, the first war of independence against the british government in 1857. It will cover the major events, causes, main leaders, area involved in the revolt, reasons of failure of the revolt, consequences and detailed analysis. The revolt of 1857 indias first war of independence.
We provide step by step solutions for icse history and civics class 10 solutions pdf. Opium war 184042, later the second opium war 185760 was fought. College for women, rohtak, hr india publishing date. A short quiz on war of independence 1857 ad in united india. There were many causes of the war of independence of 1857. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Nana sahib was refused pension, as he was the adopted son of pesewa baji rao ii.
The many names are the result of the conflicts continuing importance to indias national sense of identity. In 1730s, the punjab became semiindependent, but it became completely sovereign. The book, initially written in marathi, was penned by savarkar in response to celebrations in britain of the 50th anniversary of the 1857 indian uprising with records from india office archives and the whole project received support from indian. See more ideas about independence war, history of india and vintage india. The clever english administrators had so little information about the source of the. National uprising and even as the first war of independence. War of independence is an important landmark in the history of subcontinent. Dec 26, 2018 revolt of 1857 was awakening which imparted consciousness of belonging to one country in masses. The first war of independence was not a single battle, but a series of rebellions which took place in different places in north india between 1857 and late 1859. In the first place, the centenary of 1857 will be performed with due. Uprising of 1857 in the light of information available about its events and the. The first war of independence of 1857 failed due to various reasons. The insurgency of 1857 in british india the first war of. However, after the war the rule of the british crown began.
One hundred years after the battle of plassey, outrage against the out of line and onerous british government appeared as a revolt that shook the plain establishments of. Pdf the revolt of 1857 the first war of independence. The 1857 war of independence in murree, part of the indian rebellion of 1857 better known as the indian mutiny, was a minor conflict between the tribes surrounding the hill station of murree now pakistan and the colonial government of british india the local tribes had become angry with the british ever since the british had started their colonial rule in the area. A commemorative plaque in memory of people who died during the indian mutiny, or first war of independence is seen at st. This was a great uprising against the oppressive foreign rule. The freedom fighters fought mostly in independent groups at different places led by leaders of their particular regions. Plassey had been in 1757 and in the hundredth year after the battle it seemed everyone was awaiting a spark. This is an important part of modern indian history for the upsc exam. As mentioned earlier, to the british mind, it was a mutiny not because it had challenged their rule in india but.
The heroic and patriotic struggle of 1857 left an unforgettable impression on the minds of the indian people. It would be highly strange for marx to have called events of 1857 in india as first indian war of independence because there wasnt a second warmore no. This war which is also termed as a failure, especially by the scholars of european origin, affected the course of indian history in many ways. Indian history british period first war of independence. The first indian war of independence 18571858 and the east. The rebellion posed a considerable threat to company power in that region, and it was contained only with the fall of gwalior on 20 june 1858. The government of india celebrated the year 2007 as the 150th anniversary of indias first war of independence. Indian war of independence 1857 most historians, british as well as indian, have described and dismissed the rising of 1857 as a sepoy mutiny or at best the indian mutiny. Indian revolution is on the other hand, and national minded leaders thinkers have regarded it as a planned and organised political and military rising aimed at.
Certainly, the spark was provided by the first war of indian indepeendence. Veer savarkar was the first man who called the mutiny of 1857 a war of independence. Why was indias first war of independence 1857 a failure. Revolt of 1857 is considered and taught as the first war of independence in our history textbooks but the fact is it is not the first revolt. The 1857 war of independence, or indian rebellion of 1857, was the first indian war of independence and it was contained on june 20,1858 with the fall of gwalior. War of independence 1857 in 1857 british faced a serious challenge to their rule in india. In that time british were dominating in india and the force of. This happened at the time when the indian soldiers at the meerut cantonment in modern up revolted against the british. Veer savarkar always emphasized the necessity in the indian condition of carrying politics and patriotism to the camp, to the military forces in india, for rendering any armed revolt practical. Indians working for the british army, due to their deep traditions and faith faced numerous social barriers.
They can be divided into political, religious, military, economic and social causes. The first war of independence, 1857 flowchart revolt of 1857 is known as the first war of national independence. Other regions of companycontrolled india bengal province, the bombay presidency, and the madras presidency remained largely calm. This war was fought in 1857 by indians against the british in order to get rid of their domination. Who first called the revolt of 1857 as the first war of. Introduction in indian history, the term first war of independence is used to refer to the great uprising of 1857.
A lot has been written and said about the war of independence. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The first and foremost controversy about the uprising of 1857 is about its nature and character. One hundred years after the battle of plassey, anger against the unjust and oppressive british government took the form of a revolt.
Several books written by indian authors were released in the anniversary year including amresh mishras war of civilizations, a controversial history of the rebellion of 1857, and recalcitrance by anurag kumar, one of the few. As the union government has launched a series of highsounding programmes to celebrate 150 years of 1857 as the first war of independence, conveniently forgetting all earlier armed struggles for independence, the ulema seem to have taken the cudgel to right the wrong being done to the history of independence struggle. Avadh was annexed in 1857, on charges of maladministration satara, jhansi, nagpur and sambhalpur were annexed owing to doctrine of lapse. What was the conclusion of the war of independence in 1857. War of independence 1857 and role of urdu and persian newspapers. It started from meerut on may 10, 1857 on the issue of the cartridges made up of fat of pigs which needed to take into mouth before operating it. Opium war 184042, later the second opium war 1857 60 was fought. The revolt of 1857 the ist war of independence modern. This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title first war of independence. In india and pakistan it has been termed as the war of independence of 1857 or first war of indian independence but it is not uncommon to use terms such as the revolt of 1857. There was brewing discontent over the company rule in india. April 22, 2016 abstract the dictionary meaning of uprising is an act of resistance or rebellion or a revolt. The first war of indian independence of 1857 blogger.
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